Modified Atmosphere Storage Technology for Mushroom
Mushroom modified atmosphere storage and preservation technology is based on the biological characteristics of mushrooms that are prone to aging, browning and re-growth. First, low temperature is used to inhibit respiration and transpiration. At the same time, very low O2 (oxygen) concentration and high CO2 (carbon dioxide) concentration are adopted. , Further inhibit breathing, prevent mushrooms from opening umbrellas and browning, thereby significantly improving the preservation effect, and the storage period of mushrooms can be extended to 25-30 days (days). The technology is now introduced as follows:
Harvesting
Mushrooms should be harvested in a timely manner, generally when the fruiting body is fully grown and the volume increase is not obvious. If the harvest is too early, the fruiting bodies are not fully grown, the quality of the mushrooms cannot be maintained, and the yield is reduced; if the harvesting is too late, the fruiting bodies are more likely to age, open umbrellas, and change color. Handle, put, and pack lightly during harvesting to minimize mechanical damage. At the same time, clean and disinfect the harvesting equipment and packaging containers.
2. Pre-storage
After the mushrooms are harvested, cut off the mushroom stems. If the mushrooms turn yellow or brown, put them in 0.5% citric acid solution and rinse for 10 minutes (minutes). The pre-cooling of mushrooms is very important, because at a higher temperature, it will promote the progress of various physiological activities in the mushroom body, accelerate nutrient consumption, water loss, post-mature aging, browning reaction, etc.
3. Low temperature controlled atmosphere storage
Pack the pre-cooled mushrooms in a storage bag made of 0.025m thick polyethylene plastic film. Each storage bag contains approximately 1kg of fresh mushrooms. After the mouth is sealed, put the mushrooms in a cold store and store them, and the temperature of the mushroom body will be reduced to 0℃-3℃ within 4-5h, and the relative humidity is kept at 95%-100%. Mushrooms have a good storage effect when the concentration of 02 (oxygen) is 1%, and the concentration of CO2 (carbon dioxide) is 10%-15%, and the color of the mushroom body is white and the umbrella is rarely opened. When the mushrooms are fresh, the temperature is higher, generally above 10℃, and the respiration of the oyster mushroom is relatively strong. At 10℃, the respiratory intensity of the mushroom is Rco2=l00.lmg/kg·h, so when the temperature is lowered after the human bank, the concentration of 02 in the storage bag can be reduced to less than 3% within 4-5h (hours) , CO2 concentration increased to more than 10%. When the temperature drops to the temperature suitable for storage of mushrooms 0 ℃-3 ℃, the respiration is gradually weakened (at 0 ℃ mushroom respiratory intensity Rco2 = 28.3mg/kg · h). 02 The concentration gradually decreases, and the CO2 concentration increases slowly. After ld, the O2 concentration in the bag reaches about 1%, and the CO2 concentration is about 13%. At this time, a small hole is punctured in the bag with a fine needle, which can basically maintain O2 and CO2. The ratio of concentration. In future management, humidification measures should be taken in the cold storage to ensure that the relative humidity in the bag is above 95%.
